A Joyful Practice

The Vital Importance of Being… (the “missing” Wednesday post w/an excerpt) October 21, 2024

“Chag sameach!” to those celebrating Sukkot! Many blessings to everyone and especially to anyone grateful for friendship, peace, freedom, understanding, and wisdom.

Stay safe! Live well! Hydrate and nourish your heart, body, and mind.

This is the “missing” post for Wednesday, October 16^th, which contains some previously posted content. Quotes use the spellings found in the source material. The second embedded link connects to a series of related posts. You can request an audio recording of this practice via a comment below or (for a slightly faster reply) you can email myra (at) ajoyfulpractice.com.

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“TRIV’IAL, adjective [Latin trivialis; probably from Gr.; Latin tero, trivi, to wear, or from trivium, a highway.]

1. Trifling; of little worth or importance; inconsiderable; as a trivial subject; a trivial affair.

2. Worthless; vulgar.

Trivial name, in natural history, the common name for the species, which added to the generic name forms the complete denomination of the species; the specific name. Thus in Lathyrus aphaca, Lathyrus is the generic name, and aphaca the trivial or specific name, and the two combined form the complete denomination of the species. Linne at first applied the term specific name to the essential character of the species, now called the specific definition or difference; but it is now applied solely to the trivial name.

— quoted from Webster’s Dictionary 1828: American Dictionary of the English Language

Whether we speak them, sign them, write them, and/or think them, words are anything but trivial. Words have power. As I often mention, śabda (or shabda), ranks as one of my top six siddhis or “powers.” Part of the power of words obviously comes from our understanding of them and the way we use them. More power comes from how we interact with them; how they manifest (i.e., become tangible); and how we internalize and ultimately embody them.

For example, consider what happiness means to you and how you experience the state of being “happy”. This time of year, I often mention the fact that people experience happiness in different ways. For some people it is an ecstatic kind of joy, for others it is “not being miserable”, and then there is everything in between. Since Wednesday was Erev Sukkot, the eve of what some people consider the “Season of Happiness”, I decided to get serious about the meaning of “happy.” And, any time I get “earnest” about a word, I turn to one of my favorite dictionaries: An American Dictionary of the English Language, a. k. a. Webster’s 1828 dictionary.

“HAP’PY adjective [from hap.]

1. Lucky; fortunate; successful.

Chimists have been more happy in finding experiments, than the causes of them.

So we say, a happy thought; a happy expedient.

2. Being in the enjoyment of agreeable sensations from the possession of good; enjoying pleasure from the gratification of appetites or desires. The pleasurable sensations derived from the gratification of sensual appetites render a person temporarily happy; but he only can be esteemed really and permanently happy who enjoys peace of mind in the favor of God. To be in any degree happy we must be free from pain both of body and of mind; to be very happy we must be in the enjoyment of lively sensations of pleasure, either of body or mind.

Happy am I, for the daughters will call me blessed. Genesis 30:13.

He found himself happiest, in communicating happiness to others.”

— quoted from Webster’s Dictionary 1828: American Dictionary of the English Language

Noah Webster, whose name has become inextricably linked to words, understood all the different ways that words contain power — as well as the power of people sharing a language. He was born on October 16, 1758, in Hartford, Connecticut and graduated from Yale College (in 1779).The lexicographer, textbook pioneer, English-language spelling reformer and grammarian, journalist, political writer and editor, lobbyist, state representative, and author started off as a teacher. However, he quickly resigned from his initial teaching position after deciding he would be happier as a lawyer. Studying law and teaching (to earn his keep) left him so depressed that he had to take a break to regroup and find a new mentor. Unfortunately, after passing the bar exam (in 1781), he couldn’t find a job as a lawyer and went back to teaching. This time, however, the morale of the man who is remembered as the “Father of American Scholarship and Education” was affected by the the poor quality of elementary school textbooks. He was reportedly “appalled” and decided he could do better.

Noah Webster’s 3-volume collection, officially called A Grammatical Institute of the English Language, started with the “Blue-Backed Speller”, published in 1783, when the author was 25. It was organized according to a very specific pedagogy based on his theories of child development. It was also very secular in nature and highlighted American history. At the age of 26, about a year after publishing his speller, Mr. Webster published a grammar book. Finally, he published a reader in 1785, when he was 27. The proceeds of the speller, in particular, enabled him (at 43 years old) to start focusing on the production of a series of English dictionaries. In total, he would spend 26 years working on the dictionary that is now synonymous with his name.

“HAP’PY adjective [from hap.]

6. Blessed; enjoying the presence and favor of God, in a future life.

7. Harmonious; living in concord; enjoying the pleasures of friendship; as a happy family.

8. Propitious; favorable.”

— quoted from Webster’s Dictionary 1828: American Dictionary of the English Language

Noah Webster’s first dictionary was a purely English dictionary. Published in 1806, he stated that it had 5,000 more words than could be found in the best English dictionaries. In 1807, Noah Webster he started working on An American Dictionary of the English Language. Completed in 1825 and published in 1828 (with a copywrite date of April 14^th), it was the first American English dictionary and contained over 70,000 words — 12,000 of which had never appeared in a dictionary before, including words that were uniquely “American”* (meaning they were from Native, Indigenous, and First Nations languages and/or from languages of non-English speaking colonizers). Part of the reason it took so long to complete was that he had to learn 28 languages, including Sanskrit and Persian, in order to document the etymology of the words.

Unlike the original speller, the American dictionary had some definite religious overtones (which some historians attribute to his age). Another notable feature of Mr. Webster’s publications was that he popularized what he considered simpler, more phonetic spelling (e.g., “color” instead of “colour”, “music” instead of “musick”, “center” instead of “centre”). Of course, some of his preferred spellings never took hold. For example, most Americans use the spelling “women”  versus “wimmen” or “wimen”, which Noah Webster considered more accurate. Then there is the aforenoted “chimist” instead of “chemist”.

*NOTE: While Noah Webster was one of the co-founders of the Connecticut Society for the Abolition of Slavery, he ultimately distanced himself from the abolitionist movement and went so far as to publish an American history textbook that simultaneously removed historical references to slavery, disparaged African Americans, and leaned into white nationalism. He also indicated that “slavery is a great sin and a general calamity—but it is not our sin [in the North]….”

While some view his perspective change in the 1830’s as a reaction to criticism related to certain abolitionist being against slavery but not anti-slavery, evidence of these opinions can be found in the 1828 dictionary (e.g., in certain definitions and in the lack of etymology for words directly related to certain tribes).

“EARNEST, adjective

1. Ardent in the pursuit of an object; eager to obtain; having a longing desire; warmly engaged or incited.

They are never more earnest to disturb us, than when they see us most earnest in this duty.

2. Ardent; warm; eager; zealous; animated; importunate; as earnest in love; earnest in prayer.

3. Intent; fixed.

On that prospect strange

Their earnest eyes were fixed.

4. Serious; important; that is, really intent or engaged; whence the phrase, in earnest To be in earnest is to be really urging or stretching towards an object; intent on a pursuit. Hence, from fixed attention, comes the sense of seriousness in the pursuit, as opposed to trifling or jest. Are you in earnest or in jest?”

— quoted from Webster’s Dictionary 1828: American Dictionary of the English Language

In addition to being the anniversary of the birth of Noah Webster, October 16^th is also the anniversary of the birth of Oscar Wilde. Born Oscar Fingal O’Fflahertie Wills Wilde in 1854, in Dublin, Ireland, the poet and playwright was the author of one of my favorite books, The Picture of Dorian Gray, and wildly successful plays like A Woman of No Importance (premiered in April 1893), An Ideal Husband (premiered in January 1895), and The Importance of Being Earnest, A Trivial Comedy for Serious People (premiered in February 1895). Like so many of his works, the aforementioned novel and plays feature people living double lives specifically because there was a dramatic contrast between social expectations and private desires. This contrast — between what a person believed would make them happy versus what Victorian society defined as seriously, important and ideal (for one to be happy) — wasn’t just playing out in Oscar Wilde’s work; it was playing out in his life. Mr. Wilde was homosexual during a time when homosexuality was criminalized in Victorian society and the premiere of Earnest marked one of the professional high points and personal low points of his life.

The following excerpt was posted in 2020 and 2022 (in slightly different contexts):

“Oscar Wilde’s play The Importance of Being Earnest, A Trivial Comedy for Serious People premiered on February 14, 1895 at the Saint James Theatre in London. It is a love story (or love stories) of sorts, but it is also a comedy of errors and a social satire full of love, love triangles, double entendres, double lives, mistaken identities, the dichotomy of public versus private life in Victorian society, and so many trivialities that one can hardly be blamed for questioning that about which one should be serious… or earnest. Like his other plays, Earnest was well received and marked a professional high point in Wilde’s life. However, it also marked a personal low point: Wilde’s trial, conviction, and imprisonment for homosexuality — which was illegal in Victorian England. Earnest would be the last play written by Oscar Wilde and, some would argue, his most popular.”

“LADY BRACKNELL.
My nephew, you seem to be displaying signs of triviality.

JACK.
On the contrary, Aunt Augusta, I’ve now realised for the first time in my life the vital Importance of Being Earnest.”

— quoted from Act III of The Importance of Being Earnest, A Trivial Comedy for Serious People by Oscar Wilde

Wednesday’s playlist is available on YouTube and Spotify. [Look for “10162024 The Vital Importance of Being…”]

If you are thinking about suicide, worried about a friend or loved one, or would like emotional support, you can dial 988 (in the US) or call 1-800-273-TALK (8255) for the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. You can also call this TALK line if you are struggling with addiction or involved in an abusive relationship. The Lifeline network is free, confidential, and available to all 24/7. YOU CAN TALK ABOUT ANYTHING.

White Flag is a new app, which I have not yet researched, but which may be helpful if you need peer-to-peer (non-professional) support.

If you are a young person in crisis, feeling suicidal, or in need of a safe and judgement-free place to talk, you can also click here to contact the TrevorLifeline (which is staffed 24/7 with trained counselors).

### What Does Happiness Mean To You? ###