A Joyful Practice

Re: Culture (the “missing” Saturday post, **with extra banned books**) September 28, 2024

Many blessings to everyone and especially to anyone cultivating friendship, peace, freedom, understanding, and wisdom during International Week of the Deaf and during Banned Books Week.

Stay safe! Live well! Hydrate and nourish your heart, body, and mind.

This is the “missing” post for Saturday, September 28^th. Some embedded links direct to sites outside of this blog. This post references 3 banned books and contains related quotes. You can request an audio recording of this practice via a comment below or (for a slightly faster reply) you can email myra (at) ajoyfulpractice.com.

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“The God asked Adam: ‘Who told you that you were naked?’ (Gn 3:11). That is, ‘Who told you that you were bad?  Who told you that you were not what you should be …Humanity, who told you that you were separated from me, that you were guilty?’ In asking Adam, ‘Who told you that you were naked,’ God was asking a fundamental question, one that we will discuss…. We will discuss judging, guilt and fear of punishment and how this leads to self-punishment which is the essence of sins.”

— quoted from the Introduction of Who Told You That You Were Naked?: Freedom from Judgment, Guilt and Fear of Punishment by John Jacob Raub

Here is one of the underlying (and motivating) questions related to the 2024 Saturday practices: Why do we think, say, and do the things we do (or don’t do)?

The answer to this question is really layers upon layers of experiences, which I sometimes reference as samskāra (“mental impression”). However, what may not always be clear in my overly-simplified-for-the-practice breakdown is that our actions can be informed by our experiences as well as the experiences of others — and sometimes those “others” are people we have never met and can never met. Sometimes those “others” are actually our ancestors and the ancestors of those around us; because they (and we) all contribute to our cultures.

Wikipedia defines culture, in the social sense, as “a concept that encompasses the social behavior, institutions, and norms found in human societies, as well as the knowledge, beliefs, arts, laws, customs, capabilities, and habits of the individuals in these groups.” Culture includes language, ideas, beliefs, customs, codes of conduct, institutions, tools, techniques, works of art, rituals, traditions, ceremonies, food, and other elements. Culture also includes expectations, norms, mores, and values. Since each of us is part of multiple groups, each of us has multiple cultures.

We have our family cultures plus the cultures of every other group to which we belong: including (but not limited to) the cultures related our abilities (mental and physical), age, education, ethnicity, gender, generation, nationality, race, religion, occupation, sex, sexuality, and vocations. Keep in mind that there can be — and usually are — regional/location differences within each culture. For instance, certain expectations around online yoga practices are slightly different than if you practiced yoga with me in-person at a studio, the YMCA, or the meditation center — all of which have different cultures. Similarly, if you observe a certain faith and go to a meeting hall, temple, synagogue, church, or mosque related to your faith anywhere in the world you will find some aspects of the culture that are familiar; however, you will also find some differences.

Sometimes, the differences can seem really minute. Sometimes they can be a big deal. And, sometimes, they can be really funny (while also, maybe, being a big deal). For instance, you might say, “Break a leg” to someone going on stage for a theatre performance… unless they were a ballet dancer (in which case you would wish them, “Merde” (which French for “shit”).

“First things first: there is a big difference between the medical and cultural definition of deafness. From the medical point of view, it is a disability caused by hearing loss, which can happen at any moment in life. Now, from the cultural perspective, it is a different way to experience life not based on sounds. Usually, these two concepts are differentiated between people who are deaf (medically) and Deaf (culturally).

Today, 13% of the United States’ population are deaf or hearing impaired. However, not all of them identify with the deaf culture.”

— quoted from the Hand Talk article entitled, “Deaf culture: what is it, history, aspects, examples & facts” by Ana Sofia Gala

“Saturday 28 September 2024: Deaf Culture Celebrations

Celebrating the rich cultural heritage of the deaf communities through our sign languages and cultures. Deaf Culture involves the behaviours, traditions, beliefs, values, history, humour, art that exists within Deaf communities. We are proud of our linguistic and cultural identities. Sign up for Sign Language rights by hosting an event today that demonstrates the rich cultures of our deaf communities.”

— quoted from the “Daily Themes” page of the World Federation of the Deaf website

Today (Saturday, September 28th), the sixth day of International Week of the Deaf (IWD), is dedicated to celebrating Deaf Culture, which includes sign languages and, also, expectations around the usage of sign languages. Just like with any other community, some aspects of the culture within the Deaf community overlap with aspects of the culture of the region. Then, there are some aspects that are unique to people who are in the Deaf community and, also, things that are unique to the different communities that use the different sign languages. In addition to the sign languages, Deaf culture includes the recognition that sign language is a valid, important, and powerful form of communication; storytelling; facial expressions and expressive motion (used in tandem with the words); and identity (which includes sign names). That identity piece is really important when we remember that there is a medical definition that is different from the cultural definition; that sign languages have a history in education; and that Children of Deaf Adults (CODA) are part of culture.

For many, part of the culture is also about being able to exist alongside of the “hearing world,” without having to assimilating into it. There is also etiquette around eye contact (and, in some places, around eavesdropping). While a person outside of the Deaf community may think people who are deaf are missing something, people within the culture are very much aware of their “gains” (i.e., positive experiences that are unique to being Deaf).

Click here if the video of Liz Harris is not visible on your device.

Finally, just like with any other community, there are jokes.

Click here if the video of Jon Urquhart is not visible on your device.

While I thought the modern, social use, of the word “culture” was a modern invention, the (Western) idea actual dates back to the 17^th century (CE) and has roots in the 1^st century Roman empire (BCE). According to Noah Webster’s 1828 American Dictionary of the English Language, “We ought to blame the culture not the soil.” Granted, that sentence was used in the dictionary to better explain the word “culture” as it relates to agriculture; however, I think it can also be applied to here: to social culture. If we pay attention the methods of cultivating a society, we start to to notice what grows and what doesn’t grow. We start to see why some people view some things as acceptable and other things as not acceptable — which brings me to the fact that today was also the seventh day of Banned Books Week (September 22–28, 2024).

Hopefully, it goes without saying that I don’t believe in book bans. Do I have my preferences? Of course! Just like everyone else, I definitely wish I didn’t have to deal with things that negatively impact me — and, by that, I mean things that encourage people to be hateful and/or violent. However, I also believe everyone has a right to tell their story and that every adult has a right to read or not read that story. Furthermore, I believe in authors, publishers, libraries, and teachers recommending appropriate materials for appropriate age levels — which they do, because that’s their jobs. I believe parents and guardians have a responsibility to review materials to see if it is appropriate for their child, keeping in mind that restricting information can sometimes do more harm than good (especially in this internet age). I think they also have the responsibility — along with authors, publishers, libraries, and teachers — to provide some context around the subject matter. Of course, I grew up in a household (and in communities) where we shared books and talked about those books.

Finally, I think it is irresponsible to not do all of the above — just as I believe it is irresponsible to force your desires on another.

This week, I intentionally highlighted banned books that I have read (because books are often challenged by people who have not read the books they are challenging). For better or for worse, I also selected books that I could understand (on a certain level) why someone challenged. In other words, I picked books that a good faith argument could convince me should be reviewed by an adult before it is read by a child or young adult (see above). That being said, the books I selected ended up having some commonalities. For instance, the banned books I quoted on Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday are often challenged for the same reasons. In all three cases, the books referenced and/or depicted things that are culturally abhorrent around the world — like the assault of a child. But, there were also objections around the depictions and/or criticisms of different cultures. Finally, there was material related to something almost everyone fears: death/loss.

The banned books I selected for Saturday (really, related to Friday and Saturday) are different from the other books. First, I’m not sure that a good faith argument that will convince me they should be banned (in most of the United States). Second, they are different because they are children’s books. Finally, they aren’t challenged because of their words; they are challenged because of their pictures. Both books have pictures of someone without their clothes.

Which takes us back to the original questions, specifically: Who told you nudity was bad? Who told you there was something wrong with your body?

“I’m not the milk and the milk’s not me. I’m Mickey!”

— Mickey, quoted from In The Night Kitchen by Maurice Sendak

Every culture around the world has different expectations around nudity. In some places, there is nothing wrong with a baby, toddler, or young child (of any gender) running around without their clothes. In some places, sex and gender become a factor in determining how much nudity (if any) is acceptable and how much is taboo. Finally, there are communities where being clothed (partially or entirely) is not part of the culture. All of this is why, when I celebrate the work of Maurice Sendak, in June, I scoff a little at the fact that people object to toddler Mickey not having on any clothes when he falls In the Night Kitchen.

After all, kids that age “fall out” of their clothes all the time.

Additionally, as Ursula Nordstrom, publisher and editor-in-chief of Harper Junior Books pointed out, little kids are not bothered by the fact that Mickey doesn’t have any clothes. Why aren’t they bothered? Because no one has taught them there is anything wrong with a toddler not having on their clothes in the middle of the night. Correction: No one has taught them that there is anything sinful about a toddler not having on their clothes.

Now, we can get into the question of if (or when) children should be taught that they need to wear clothes — at home and/or in public — and we can even get into a conversation of the reasons they need their clothes. But, keep in mind, it all comes back to culture and culture is different in different countries. In some countries, nude sunbathing — or, just sunbathing topless — is not that big of a deal. Pretty much everyone does it. In other places, people drew underwear on all the illustrations of Mickey… and banned another book until the publisher reprinted the book to hide 1/16 (0.0625) of an inch of nudity.

Thickness of U. S. penny: 1.52 mm (0.060 in)

Thickness of U. S. quarter: 1.75 mm (0.069 in)

— dimensions quoted from the United States Mint

Martin Handford, born September 27, 1956, is the British author and illustrator of a series of illustrated puzzle books. Originally published in the UK as Where’s Wally? (on September 21, 1987), the series features a guy in red and white stripes who is in the middle of a crowd that covers two pages. The goal is to find him (and his friends) in each illustration. As the book progresses, the guy gets harder and harder to find in part because he gets smaller and in part because there are more people (and things) in the drawings. On average, he is 0.153 square inches (0.99 square centimeters) big in the first book; which means he is slightly bigger than that in the second scene, the controversial scene: “One the Beach.”

When the book was published in the US, as Where’s Waldo?, someone noticed that the illustration shows a mischievous child putting ice cream on the back of a woman who had untied her bikini top while she was sunbathing. Of course, the cold makes the women jump up, exposing herself to the people across from her. As for the person looking at the book… well, if you look real close, you can see the side of one of her breasts. According to the American Library Association (ALA), Where’s Waldo? was the 87^th most challenged book in the 1990’s. It fell off of the list after that, presumably because the publisher moved that teeny tiny green bikini — a strip slightly larger than the side of penny, but a tad bit smaller than the side of a quarter.

“‘I can’t tell you how pleased I am that Waldo has taken on a life of his own,’ [Martin Handford] says. ‘I’d like to inspire children to open their minds to explore subjects more, to be aware of what’s going on around them. I’d like them to see wonder in places that may not have occurred to them.’”

— quoted from the Candlewick Press page for Where’s Waldo? The Fantastic Journey (by author/illustrator: Martin Handford)

BONUS BANNED BOOK:

According to the ALA, the Holy Bible — consisting of the Hebrew Bible/Christian Old Testament and the Christian New Testament — was the 52^nd most challenged title from 2010-2019. The most common reasons for the challenges were “religious viewpoint, violence.” I find it interesting to note that, again, the Bible contains some of the same (aforementioned) themes for which other books are banned — like assault.

I also find it interesting, as I mentioned throughout the week, that people are more interested in figuring out ways to stop the story than they are in stopping the harmful actions.

Saturday’s playlist is available on YouTube and Spotify.  [Look for “06102020 Here Be The Wild Things”]

MUSIC NOTE: YouTube is the original playlist and includes a video you can find at the end of the related post.

If you are thinking about suicide, worried about a friend or loved one, or would like emotional support, you can dial 988 (in the US) or call 1-800-273-TALK (8255)for the Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. You can also call this TALK line if you are struggling with addiction or involved in an abusive relationship. The Lifeline network is free, confidential, and available to all 24/7. YOU CAN TALK ABOUT ANYTHING.

White Flag is a new app, which I have not yet researched, but which may be helpful if you need peer-to-peer (non-professional) support.

If you are a young person in crisis, feeling suicidal, or in need of a safe and judgement-free place to talk,you can also click here to contact the TrevorLifeline (which is staffed 24/7 with trained counselors).

If you missed the earlier posts in this series, click here for the Wednesday post, which includes excerpts/links to the Monday and Tuesday posts. 

As a “thank you,” for sticking with this post, here’s a bonus ASL video! Don’t click if you are offended by strong language.

Click here if the video of Zach (of Our Signed World) is not visible on your device. Again, don’t click if you are offended by strong language.

### NEVER UNDERESTIMATE THE POWER OF YOUR WORDS, YOUR STORY, or YOUR VOTE! ###